The Schizophrenias are composed of several subtypes all characterized by a loss of reality contact, delusions and other distortions in thought content and perception. Hallucinations, defective self monitoring of behavior, emotional flattening of affect, and difficulties in goal directed behavior may also be present. Auditory hallucination, delusions of reference in which the person may believe that certain gestures, key words, passages from books or magazines, song, lyrics, or television scenes are directed at them, and contain messages for them or are used to control them or that they are Jesus, Buddha, or Halle Berry. Bizarre delusions perhaps having to do with total loss of control over his/her mind or body, e.g. that they or their children or mate have been replaced by a clone (usually a malicious clone) is an example of a bizarre delusion

Disorganized thought process which includes answers to questions that are unrelated to the question or are tangential, exhibiting a word salad or speech patterns, or incoherent speech.

Grossly disorganized, behavior that is inappropriate for the environmental or social condition e.g. wearing a raincoat and rubber boots on a hot sunny day or masturbating in public.

Catatonic, a significant decrease in reactivity to the environment in the extreme catatonia.
May exhibit catatonic rigidity assuming and maintaining a catatonic pose and resisting instructions or attempts of others to get them to move.

These symptoms must occur for a diagnostically significant amount of time and must be accompanied by the inability of the person affected to function effectively in social, work, occupational, or academic settings.

The symptoms cannot be better explained by the presence of:
a. Substance abuse or a general medical condition or side effects of a prescribed drug.
b. PDD
c. Schizoaffective Mood Disorder

The subtypes of Schizophrenia are:
a. Paranoid
b. Disorganized
c. Catatonic
d. Undifferentiated
e. Residual

Treatment
Schizophrenia is treated primarily with antipsychotic medication such as the SSRIs Prozac, Zoloft. These medications are designed to manage Schizophrenia and to allow the person to have to function better in society or in sheltered institutions.

These disease have been successfully treated with Neurofeedback. The medical model has not been very successful in the treatment of Schizophrenia or the Modd Disorder. A major problem with any other treatment of Schizophrenia is compliance to the treatment regimen. Clients report much less resistance to Neurofeedback and tend to finish the course of treatment.